• Medical example pseudo code - What to do if you have a fever or not.
• If-statement, if-else
  • Syntax
  • Code Blocks & Scope - Braces & indentation
  • Boolean values and variables:
    • What is a boolean variable? (boolean, true/false)
    • Relational operators - making number comparisons with <, >, <=. >=, ==, !=
    • Be careful!! Equality of Strings. Do not use ==. Instead, use myString1.equals(myString2)
• Adding Complexity: Multi-way, nested if-else
  • Branch, branching, flow charts
• Boolean operators &&, ||, ! Watch precedence. Write out truth tables.
  • Combining with relational operators
• Strings and lexicographic ordering - compareTo operator
• Rules of Thumb & Common Errors:
  • Avoid duplication in branches
  • Dangling else problem
  • Syntax for condition ( 5 < x < 7 ) is NOT allowed! Need to use boolean operators.
• De Morgan's Law:
  • !(A && B) same as (!A) || (!B)
  • !(A || B) same as (!A) && (!B)
• Input validation (will work better after we do loops in chapter 4)
• Less Commonly used structures:
  • Conditional Operator :
    • condition ? value1 : value2;
    • Example: int bigger = (x>y) ? x : y ;
  • Switch statement: switch (digit) { case a: break; ...default: ... }
    where digit can be byte, short, int, char, enumerated types (discussed in later chapter), and (recently) Strings

Types of Decision Structures:   ... if statement   ... if-else statement   ... multi-way if-else   ... nested if-else   ... switch statements   ... indentation conventions Code blocks & variable scope Decision Structure Syntax:   ... decision logic and flow charts   ... condition and body   ... boolean value, expression Random numbers

Building Boolean Expressions:   ... relational operator (<, >, <=, >=, ==, !=)   ... boolean (logical) operators (!, &&, ||). Examples   ... boolean operators precedence (See table)   ... truth tables (p. 209)   ... De Morgan's Laws (p. 212) String Comparison   ... Lexicographic ordering (of Strings)   ... compareTo() and .equals operators Other (optional)   ... The Conditional Operator bool ? val1 : val2 (p. 182)   ... Switch statement (p. 195)