日本語１３２　第九課

今日は　何曜日　ですか？ 水曜日ですか？

＿＿＿＿さんの　火曜日　は　どう　ですか？

いそがしい？

 

Review Grammar IV から and けど

 

I do not have a car.         So, I will walk home.

That movie is expensive.   So,  I didn’t go.

I have a lot (たくさん) of homework. So, I will be busy tonight.

My friend is coming.  So, I will clean up the room.

I have a kanji quiz tomorrow. Tonight, I will study.

Today, I have time. So I will exercise.

I like to cook. So tonite, I will make dinner.

 

 

More on から:

See also Activity #2 (367) where you refuse an invitation by giving your reason + から and then say 「だめなんです」= lit., "It's bad," = I can't do it.

 

And then there are the contrasting clauses linked by けど (but, although). So it is kind of like "even though it is expensive (けど), I will still buy it."

高いけど、買います

 

Let's try some:

It was fun but expensive.

I bought a newspaper but I didn’t buy a magazine.

I drink tea but I don’t drink coffee.

I don't like coffee very much but sometimes I order a latte.

I went yesterday but I will not go tomorrow.

I have a bicycle but I don’t have a car.

I called my friend but she was not there.

I read it, but I did not understand it.

I went to work but I did not do my laundry.

I went shopping but I did not go to a movie.

Tomorrow is vacation but I will go to school.

 

 

 

 

Grammar V: Making Inferences Based on What You See + V-stem Adj-Base + そう

Note: We would not use this form for things that anyone can see such as a color or a shape; that would just be obvious.

 

Structure: How to make the そう or そうだ form

I. For Adjectives:　

Add -そう to the Base of the ADJ = i.e., the unchanging part of the Adj or remove final い and its your base　

１、高い 　高くない 　Base = たか＋そう　＝　高そう　です

= It looks expensive;

For the negative form, we change the ないform to　なさ and then add the そう

高く+なさそう = It doesn't look expensive Note: we can also say 高そうに　ない

 

Let's Practice!

２、安い                            安くない

３、あまい                          あまくない

４、新しい                          新しくない

５、古い                            古くない

６、たのしい                        たのしくない

７、うれしい                        うれしくない

８、むずかしい                      むずかしくない

９、やさしい                        やさしくない

Exceptional Form:

１０、いい（よい） ーーー＞ よさそう        

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　よくない

１１、かなしい                      かなしくない

１２、あつい                        あつくない

１３、おもしろい 　　　　　　おもしろくない

な-Adjective

１４、たいへん                      たいへんじゃない

１５、げんき                        げんきじゃない

１６、にぎやか                    にぎやかじゃない　

１７、しずか 　　　　　　　　しずかじゃない

 

With な-Adjectives we don't have to do anything; just Add そう to words like

たいへん、好き、しずか、ひま、きらい

 

II. Verbs: Here we use verb stem or pre-ます form

１、食べる／食べそう       

 

Plain negative = 食べない but for the negative form before そう we add なさ so we get:

食べないーーーー＞食べなさそう　

見ないーーー→見なさそう

 

Let's Practice!

It looks like s/he.....It looks like s/he won't...

 

２、買う      　　　　　　　 買わない 　

３、帰る                            帰らない

４、飲む                            飲まない

５、書く                            書かない

６、作る                            作らない 　　　　　　

７、会う                            会わない 　　　　　　

８、話す                            話さない 　　　　　　

９、入る                            入らない

１０、読む                          読まない

１１、寝る                          寝ない

１２、出かける                     出かけない 　　　　

１３、行く                          行かない　 　　　

１４、来そう                       来ない＝来なそう 　

（き） 　　　　　　 （こ）

15、聞く                            聞かない

１６、起きる                        起きない

１７、見る                          見ない 　　　　　　

 

Once we add そうだ／そうです to a Verb or Adjective, it becomes a な Adj so we can also put it in front of a Noun such as

いそがしそうな 人= a busy-looking person；

あつそうな スープ=hot-looking soup;

古そうな たてもの=an old-looking building;

たのしそうな ゲーム=a fun-looking game

あまそうなアイスクリーム = sweet looking ice cream

むずかしそうなテスト = a difficult looking test

 

Activity #1 with Pictures: Say it 2 ways

1) This person look....

2) It's a _____looking person